Building a Three-Tier IR for Zero Knowledge A source-language layer, a semantic circuit layer, and backend-native lowerings each solve a different compiler problem. This deep dive walks through the live ZirOS stack and where IR v2 now fits.
ZKF: 59,000 Lines of Rust, 9 Proof Systems, and the End of ZK Lock-In ZKF is a universal zero-knowledge proof framework -- 59,000 lines of production Rust -- that compiles any frontend language to any backend proving system. 9 backends, 7 frontends, 11 gadgets, STARK-to-SNARK wrapping, and Solidity verifier generation. Open-sourcing crate by crate starting April 2026.